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TL;DR

Surgical Counts: Systematic counting of sponges, instruments, sharps, and miscellaneous items to prevent retained surgical items.

By Valenke Exam Prep Team·Last updated 2026-06-02

Surgical Counts

CST SURGICAL TECH

Definition

Systematic counting of sponges, instruments, sharps, and miscellaneous items to prevent retained surgical items.

Overview

Retained surgical items are a "never event." Sponges are the most commonly retained. The surgical technologist and circulating nurse count together, audibly and visually.

Count Types

Items

Sponges (radiopaque), sharps (blades, needles), all instruments, and miscellaneous items (vessel loops, pledgets, tapes).

Incorrect Count

Recount, search field, notify surgeon, consider x-ray. Never falsify. Document and file incident report.

Why It Matters

A patient safety cornerstone tested extensively on the CST exam.

Related Terms

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Frequently Asked Questions

Who is responsible?
Surgical technologist and circulating nurse share responsibility.
Most commonly retained item?
Sponges, about two-thirds of retained items.
What happens with incorrect count?
Recount, search, notify surgeon, x-ray if needed, document, incident report.