SAMPLE History

Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting sample history in the field:

• Waveform capnograph: If measures end-tidal co2 continuously with waveform display fails, verify connections, check battery, try alternate equipment. Available sizes: Mainstream (inline), Sidestream (sampling)
• Pulse oximeter: If measures spo2 via infrared absorption through capillary bed fails, verify connections, check battery, try alternate equipment. Available sizes: Finger clip, Earlobe, Pediatric wrap
• BVM: If bag-valve-mask for manual ventilation fails, verify connections, check battery, try alternate equipment. Available sizes: Adult (1500mL), Pediatric (500mL), Infant (250mL)

Regulatory Context

Regulatory context for sample history includes federal and state requirements. Healthcare facilities must comply with CMS Conditions of Participation, state licensure requirements, and accreditation standards (Joint Commission or AAAHC). Non-compliance can result in citations, fines, or loss of Medicare/Medicaid reimbursement.

Overview

Signs/symptoms, Allergies, Medications, Pertinent past history, Last oral intake, Events leading up. SAMPLE and OPQRST mnemonics tested on EMT and Paramedic exams.

In prehospital assessment, blood pressure reference range: adult 90/60-120/80 mmHg, pediatric 70+(2*age) systolic minimum. Deviations from these norms guide treatment decisions in the field.

Clinical Significance

In prehospital care, understanding sample history can mean the difference between a positive patient outcome and a critical miss. A construction worker stung by wasps, developing urticaria, stridor, and hypotension. Anaphylaxis: epinephrine 0.3mg IM, IV fluids, diphenhydramine, albuterol for bronchospasm.

Related pharmacology: adenosine at 6mg rapid IV push, then 12mg if needed, indicated for SVT (narrow complex tachycardia).

Professional Standards

Professional standards for sample history are established by the relevant certification body and regulatory agencies. Certified professionals must demonstrate competency through examination and maintain credentials through continuing education. Scope of practice is defined by state law and facility policy. Never perform tasks outside your authorized scope.