Skip to main content

TL;DR

Body Systems (Anatomy & Physiology): The 11 organ systems: integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic, respiratory, digestive, urinary, reproductive.

By Valenke Exam Prep Team·Last updated 2026-06-02

Body Systems (Anatomy & Physiology)

MEDICAL ASSISTANTNREMT EMTCST SURGICAL TECH

Definition

The 11 organ systems: integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic, respiratory, digestive, urinary, reproductive.

Practical Example

Clinical Procedure: Respirations measurement is relevant to body systems (anatomy & physiology).

Technique: Count without patient awareness (keep fingers on wrist), observe chest rise, count 30 sec x 2 or 60 sec if irregular

Normal values: Normal adult: 12-20/min. Tachypnea over 20, bradypnea under 12.

Workplace Applications

Workplace application of body systems (anatomy & physiology) requires fluency in medical terminology:

PrefixMeaning
brady-slow
hypo-below/deficient
hyper-above/excessive
dys-difficult/painful
SuffixMeaning
-itisinflammation
-algiapain
-osisabnormal condition
-otomyincision into

Documentation

Documentation of body systems (anatomy & physiology) in the medical office uses HCPCS Level II: Supplies, equipment, drugs, non-physician services with alphanumeric starting with letter.

Examples: J7050: Normal saline solution infusion; A4253: Blood glucose test strip; E0601: CPAP device.

All documentation must be timely, accurate, legible, and include the provider signature. Late entries must be labeled as such with the date of the original event.

Patient Communication

Patient education about body systems (anatomy & physiology) should use simple language (6th-grade reading level). Verify understanding with teach-back: ask the patient to explain in their own words what was discussed. Provide written instructions to reinforce verbal education. Address cultural and language barriers using certified interpreters, not family members, for medical discussions.

Differential Diagnosis

When studying body systems (anatomy & physiology), carefully distinguish it from related but distinct concepts: medical terminology, vital signs. Exam questions often test your ability to select the most specific and appropriate answer when multiple options seem partially correct. Look for the option that most completely addresses the scenario presented.

Why It Matters

A&P tested across MA, EMT, Paramedic, and CST exams.

Related Terms

Practice This Topic

Ready to practice for the MEDICAL ASSISTANT?

Adaptive practice powered by Item Response Theory targets your weak areas. Start with 3 free sessions.

Start free practice →

Frequently Asked Questions

What lab values are associated with body systems (anatomy & physiology)?
For body systems (anatomy & physiology): Urinalysis: pH: 4.5-8.0; Specific gravity: 1.005-1.030; Protein: negative.
What injection technique applies to body systems (anatomy & physiology)?
For body systems (anatomy & physiology): Subcutaneous: angle 45 degrees (or 90 with short needle/obese), sites: Upper arm (posterior), Abdomen (2 inches from umbilicus), Anterior thigh. Max volume: 0.5-1.0 mL. Needle: 25-27G, 5/8 inch.
What coding system is used for body systems (anatomy & physiology)?
For body systems (anatomy & physiology): HCPCS Level II: Supplies, equipment, drugs, non-physician services with alphanumeric starting with letter. Examples: J7050: Normal saline solution infusion; A4253: Blood glucose test strip; E0601: CPAP device.